What is cervical cancer
Cervical cancer starts in the cells of the cervix. The cervix is the lower, narrow end of the uterus. It connects the uterus to the vagina (birth canal). Cervical cancer usually develops slowly over time. The cells of the cervix go through changes known as dysplasia before cancer appears in the cervix in which abnormal cells begin to appear in the cervical tissue, which, if not destroyed or removed with time, the abnormal cells may become cancer cells and start to grow and spread more deeply into the cervix.
Causes
It occurs most often in people over the age of 30. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the main cause of cervical cancer. HPV is a common virus that is passed from one person to another during sex. At least half of sexually active people will have HPV at some point in their lives, but few will get cervical cancer.
Prevention
Screening tests and the HPV vaccine can help prevent cervical cancer. When cervical cancer is found early, it is highly treatable and associated with long survival and good quality of life.
Symptoms
- Watery or bloody vaginal discharge. Discharge can be heavy and have a foul odour.
- Vaginal bleeding after sex and between menstrual periods.
- Menstrual periods can be heavier and last for long than normal.
Tests for Cervical Cancer
Pap test and HPV tests are done to detect cervical cancer. Cervical cancer is highly treatable and less likely to become serious if diagnosed at right time.
How do people know if they have Cervical Cancer
It’s not easy for people to know if they cervical cancer until they are formally diagnosed with the disease. Only a healthcare provider will be able to confirm cervical cancer after proper tests and biopsies.
What Nirmala Sitharaman said on Cervical Cancer?
Nirmala Sitharaman said that our government will encourage vaccination for girls in the age group of 9 to 14 for the prevention of cervical cancer. Currently this vaccination is available only in private hospitals which costs Rs. 4000 per dose.